Open AccessThe multifaceted involvement of exosomes in tumor progression: Induction and inhibition
Author(s) -
Gu WenJie,
Shen YiWen,
Zhang LiJun,
Zhang Hong,
Nagle Dale G.,
Luan Xin,
Liu SanHong
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
medcomm
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2688-2663
DOI - 10.1002/mco2.49
Subject(s) - microvesicles , stromal cell , tumor microenvironment , exosome , cancer research , angiogenesis , immune system , mesenchymal stem cell , immunotherapy , microrna , tumor progression , cancer , cancer immunotherapy , cancer cell , biology , medicine , immunology , tumor cells , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , gene
As key performers in intercellular communication, exosomes released by tumor cells play an important role in cancer development, including angiogenesis, cancer‐associated fibroblasts activation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation (EMT), immune escape, and pre‐metastatic niche formation. Meanwhile, other cells in tumor microenvironment (TME) can secrete exosomes and facilitate tumor progression. Elucidating mechanisms regarding these processes may offer perspectives for exosome‐based antitumor strategies. In this review, we mainly introduce the versatile roles of tumor or stromal cell derived exosomes in cancer development, with a particular focus on the biological capabilities and functionalities of their diverse contents, such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. The potential clinical application of exosomes as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis is also discussed. Finally, the current antitumor strategies based on exosomes in immunotherapy and targeted delivery for chemotherapeutic or biological agents are summarized.