Open AccessThe effects of low levels of trivalent ions on a standard strain of Escherichia coli ( ATCC 11775) in aqueous solutions
Author(s) -
Deng Can,
Li Xinpeng,
Xue Xinkai,
Pashley Richard M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
microbiologyopen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.881
H-Index - 36
ISSN - 2045-8827
DOI - 10.1002/mbo3.574
Subject(s) - aqueous solution , chemistry , lanthanum , escherichia coli , pulmonary surfactant , cationic polymerization , chloride , nuclear chemistry , zeta potential , ion , inorganic chemistry , incubation , strain (injury) , chromium , sodium , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , anatomy , nanoparticle , gene
Considering the ever‐growing usage of trivalent salts in water treatment, for example, lanthanum salts in rare earth, AlCl 3 and FeCl 3 , the effects of different trivalent cations on the bacterium Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) ATCC 11775 strain have been studied in aqueous solutions. From colony incubation studies, the colony‐forming unit ( CFU ) densities were found to decrease significantly in the presence of even low levels (10 −5 mol/L) of lanthanum chloride. This level of reduction in CFU number is comparable to the results obtained using the known bacteriocidal cationic surfactant, C 14 TAB . By comparison, exposure of the cells to low levels of trivalent ion, aluminum and chromium ion solutions produced only modest reductions in CFU density. The results from the incubation studies suggest that the bacteriostatic mechanism of La 3+ ions has similarities to that of the cationic surfactant, and different to that of the other trivalent ions. Size distribution and zeta potential measurements of E . coli cells and phospholipid vesicles in the presence of trivalent cations solutions suggested significant cell shrinkage probably caused by membrane disruption.