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Emulsion Copolymerization of Styrene With n ‐Butyl Acrylate and Methacrylic Acid: Effect of Kraft Lignin Concentration and Peroxide Treatment on the Colloidal Properties
Author(s) -
Messmer Nigel Roderick,
Nahra Lara Robert,
Oliveira Maurício Pinheiro
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/masy.201800019
Subject(s) - molar mass , methacrylic acid , copolymer , polymer chemistry , chemistry , zeta potential , emulsion polymerization , differential scanning calorimetry , styrene , organosolv , particle size , polymer , nuclear chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , lignin , nanoparticle , physics , thermodynamics , nanotechnology
The focus of this work is to understand the effect of Kraft lignin (KL) treatment with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (SFS) on the properties of the latexes produced by emulsion copolymerization of styrene (Sty) with n ‐butyl acrylate (BuA) and methacrylic acid (MAA), with initiator introduced in a shot process. The study intends to understand the effect of KL concentration after peroxide treatment on the properties not only of the latexes, but also on the copolymers themselves. Latexes were characterized in relation to global conversion, average particle size, zeta potential, coagulum concentration, surface tension and latex stability. The polymers were evaluated through molar mass and molar mass distributions, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The solubility of the KL in water and water/glycol were presented as a function of pH and KL concentration. Stable latexes were produced via emulsion copolymerization with different amounts of KL. The redox initiator system employed in the KL treatment was not efficient to obtain higher conversions. The increase of the KL concentration caused reduction of overall conversion, particle diameter, stability, molar mass and zeta potential. Among the concentrations tested, the greatest concentration of KL, 6.8 wt% relative to the mass of monomer, exhibited the greatest effect on the properties of the latexes and polymers.