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Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibers from Cassava Pulp
Author(s) -
Ruangudomsakul Watcharin,
Ruksakulpiwat Chaiwat,
Ruksakulpiwat Yupaporn
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/masy.201400096
Subject(s) - nanofiber , thermogravimetric analysis , cellulose , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , crystallinity , sodium hydroxide , materials science , thermal stability , pulp (tooth) , nuclear chemistry , transmission electron microscopy , scanning electron microscope , acid hydrolysis , cellulose acetate , cellulose fiber , sodium chlorite , chemical engineering , hydrolysis , chemistry , composite material , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , dentistry , chlorine dioxide , medicine , engineering
Summary In this study, cassava pulp (CP) was used to prepare cellulose nanofibers. CP was treated with sodium hydroxide and then bleached by sodium chlorite solution in acetate buffer solution. Finally, acid hydrolysis treatment was conducted by using two different acid type (H 2 SO 4 and HCl). The morphological structure of the ensuing fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TEM images showed diameter and length of cellulose nanofibers obtained from sulphuric acid treatment in the range of 8‐15 nm and 200‐800 nm, respectively. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the progressive removal of non‐cellulosic constituents. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) revealed an increase in crystallinity of the nanofibers after successive treatments. The thermal properties of cassava pulp and cellulose nanofibers were also investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Cellulose nanofibers showed higher thermal stability than cassava pulp.