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Precise Synthesis and Surface Characterization of Well‐Defined Chain‐End‐Functionalized Polystyrenes with Two, Four, Eight, Sixteen and Thirty‐Two Perfluorooctyl Groups
Author(s) -
Sugiyama Kenji,
Sakai Shiko,
ElShehawy Ashraf,
Hirao Akira
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/masy.200451301
Subject(s) - x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , surface modification , polymer , contact angle , chain (unit) , materials science , polymer chemistry , long chain , end group , crystallography , chemistry , copolymer , chemical engineering , composite material , polymer science , physics , astronomy , engineering
A series of well‐defined chain‐end‐functionalized polystyrenes with a definite number of two, four, eight, sixteen, and thirty‐two C 8 F 17 groups have been successfully synthesized by applying the recently developed methodology based on an iterative divergent approach. These polymers were precisely controlled in chain length and degree of end‐functionalization. The surface structures of films cast from these polymers have been characterized by XPS and contact angle measurements. Significant segregation and preferential enrichment of C 8 F 17 group at the surfaces were observed in all films. The surface enrichment estimated from F atomic % measured by XPS increased markedly with increasing the number of C 8 F 17 group from two to four, but almost saturated at the number of four where the F atomic % from top surface to 20 Å depths was 44.2 %. The surface enrichment was enhanced only a small extent by further increasing the number of C 8 F 17 group, although the maximum values (49.8 %) were obtained with chain‐end‐functionalized polystyrenes with sixteen and thirty‐two C 8 F 17 groups.