Premium
Charge transport in polyaniline doped with 3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5(4H)‐one
Author(s) -
Starykov Oleksiy,
Prokeš Jan,
Křivka Ivo,
Stejskal Jaroslav
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/masy.200450857
Subject(s) - polyaniline , dopant , conductivity , variable range hopping , protonation , counterion , materials science , doping , conductive polymer , relaxation (psychology) , activation energy , aqueous solution , electrical resistivity and conductivity , polymer , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , ion , organic chemistry , physics , composite material , social psychology , psychology , optoelectronics , quantum mechanics , polymerization
Polyaniline (PANI) base was protonated in aqueous solutions of an organic acid, 3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5(4 H )‐one (NTO). The temperature dependence of DC conductivity of PANI‐NTO seems to correspond to the theory of variable range hopping (VRH) in three dimensions. The frequency dependence of AC conductivity also reflects the hopping nature of mobile charges. The activation energy for the polymers with protonation degree above 0.12 remains constant with increasing dopant concentration and DC conductivity. The value of this constant may correspond to the energy needed for the ionization of dopant counterion. The fit of the electric relaxation function to the stretched exponential function ϕ ( t ) = exp[−( t / τ ) β ] gives the stretch parameter β about 0.35, which shows that the distribution of relaxation times is broad and indicates a high inhomogeneity in the distribution of a dopant.