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Effect of initiators, lewis acids, deactivators, additives and medium on controlled/“living” carbocationic systems
Author(s) -
Matyjaszewski Krzysztof
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 1022-1360
DOI - 10.1002/masy.19961070107
Subject(s) - carbocation , nucleophile , chemistry , lewis acids and bases , polymerization , monomer , cationic polymerization , polymer chemistry , living anionic polymerization , polymer , copolymer , living cationic polymerization , organic chemistry , anionic addition polymerization , ring opening polymerization , catalysis
Effect of nucleofugacity of leaving group, X, nucleophilicity/basicity of the formed counteranion, X − or MtX n+1 − , and groups stabilizing positive charge in the carbocation, R + , generated from initiator, RX, as well as metal and ligands in the Lewis acids, MtX n , strength of protonic acids, HA, added salts, NR 4 + X − , nucleophiles, Nu, some other additives and also reaction conditions on controlled/“living” carbocationic polymerization is discussed. The role of all of the components is explained and their rational design for various monomers which can be polymerized cationically to well defined polymers and copolymers is provided.