Premium
Composite membranes for water purification by low pressure reverse osmosis and for dehydration of aqueous ethanol by pervaporation
Author(s) -
Ohya Haruhiko,
Choi Ho Sang,
Hino Takeshi,
Hara Tatsuya,
Ohsawa Futoshi,
Shibata Masayuki,
Negishi Yoichi
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
makromolekulare chemie. macromolecular symposia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.257
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-3900
pISSN - 0258-0322
DOI - 10.1002/masy.19930700135
Subject(s) - pervaporation , membrane , polysulfone , reverse osmosis , thin film composite membrane , chemical engineering , aqueous solution , vinyl alcohol , trihalomethane , chemistry , chromatography , chloroform , dehydration , organic chemistry , polymer , chlorine , permeation , biochemistry , engineering
This work was carried out to find a possibility of removing organic precursors responsible for the formation of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons (VHH) from drinking water by low‐pressure reverseosmosis composite membranes and to find another possibility of removing VHH by reverse osmosis. Retention potential for trihalomethane precursors in water from lake Izu falls in the range of 87 to 97%. As for the self‐made NS‐300 and 301 membranes, flux stays almost constant until the ratio of isophthaloyl chloride (IPC) to trimesoyl chloride (TMC) exceeds 50%, and then decreases and the retention takes a maximum value at 50% of the ratio. Using FT‐30 membrane, reverse osmosis retention of chloroform decreased from 80% at the feed concentration of 250ppm to 40% at 25ppm. Two types of composite membranes made of a thin poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) on poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) support and a thin poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) on polysulfone (PSf) were fabricated to find out the effect of molecular weight cut‐off of the support on the characteristics of separation of water and ethanol by pervaporation. It was found that there is optimum molecular weight cut‐off of the support regarding the separation.