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Extensional Flow‐Induced Dynamic Phase Transitions in Isotactic Polypropylene
Author(s) -
Ju Jianzhu,
Wang Zhen,
Su Fengmei,
Ji Youxin,
Yang Haoran,
Chang Jiarui,
Ali Sarmad,
Li Xiangyang,
Li Liangbin
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
macromolecular rapid communications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.348
H-Index - 154
eISSN - 1521-3927
pISSN - 1022-1336
DOI - 10.1002/marc.201600185
Subject(s) - tacticity , extensional definition , materials science , polypropylene , flow (mathematics) , polymer science , phase transition , composite material , polymer chemistry , polymer , thermodynamics , mechanics , polymerization , geology , physics , paleontology , tectonics
With a combination of fast extension rheometer and in situ synchrotron radiation ultra‐fast small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, flow‐induced crystallization (FIC) of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is studied at temperatures below and above the melting point of α crystals (Tmα). A flow phase diagram of iPP is constructed in strain rate–temperature space, composing of melt, non‐crystalline shish, α and α&β coexistence regions, based on which the kinetic and dynamic competitions among these four phases are discussed. Above T mα , imposing strong flow reverses thermodynamic stabilities of the disordered melt and the ordered phases, leading to the occurrence of FIC of β and α crystals as a dynamic phase transition. Either increasing temperature or stain rate favors the competiveness of the metastable β over the stable α crystals, which is attributed to kinetic rate rather than thermodynamic stability. The violent competitions among four phases near the boundary of crystal‐melt may frustrate crystallization and result in the non‐crystalline shish winning out.