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Nitroxide‐Mediated Controlled/Living Free Radical Copolymerization of Styrene and Divinylbenzene in Aqueous Miniemulsion
Author(s) -
Zetterlund Per B.,
Alam Md. Nur,
Minami Hideto,
Okubo Masayoshi
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
macromolecular rapid communications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.348
H-Index - 154
eISSN - 1521-3927
pISSN - 1022-1336
DOI - 10.1002/marc.200500100
Subject(s) - miniemulsion , copolymer , divinylbenzene , styrene , nitroxide mediated radical polymerization , polymer chemistry , materials science , polystyrene , aqueous solution , radical polymerization , emulsion polymerization , polymerization , chemistry , organic chemistry , polymer , composite material
Summary: The nitroxide‐mediated controlled/living free radical copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene using a polystyrene‐TEMPO macroinitiator in aqueous miniemulsion and in bulk have been investigated. The crosslink densities were estimated based on the content of pendant vinyl groups as determined by 1 H NMR. Considerably lower crosslink densities were revealed in the miniemulsion than in the corresponding bulk system. The rate of polymerization in the miniemulsion increased with decreasing particle size, and was significantly higher than in bulk.Crosslink density for the TEMPO‐mediated free radical copolymerization of S(1) and DVB(2) ( f 1 0 = 0.99, f 2 0 = 0.01) at 125 °C in bulk (□) and in miniemulsions with d n = 585 nm (○) and 53.3 nm (•).