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Functionalized Graphene and Carbon Materials as Additives for Melt‐ E xtruded Flame Retardant Polypropylene
Author(s) -
Hofmann Daniel,
Wartig KarenAlessa,
Thomann Ralf,
Dittrich Bettina,
Schartel Bernhard,
Mülhaupt Rolf
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
macromolecular materials and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.913
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1439-2054
pISSN - 1438-7492
DOI - 10.1002/mame.201200433
Subject(s) - materials science , polypropylene , fire retardant , graphene , carbon black , composite material , carbon nanotube , graphite , nanocomposite , carbon fibers , oxide , dispersion (optics) , chemical engineering , composite number , nanotechnology , natural rubber , metallurgy , physics , optics , engineering
Functionalized graphene nanosheets TRGO and MLG 250, prepared from thermally reduced graphite oxide, represent attractive carbon additives for improving the performance of flame retardant polypropylene (PP‐FR). The influence of carbon nanofiller type and content on morphology, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties as well as the fire behavior of melt‐extruded PP‐FR is investigated. In contrast to conventional nano‐ and micron‐sized carbon fillers such as expanded graphite (EG 40), nano‐scaled carbon black (CB), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNT), only TRGO and MLG 250 afford uniform dispersion combined with simultaneously improved stiffness (+80%), electrical conductivity (3 × 10 −5 S · cm −1 ) and enhanced flame retardancy of PP‐FR, as expressed by lower peak heat release rate (−76%).