Premium
Carbon Black Networking in Elastomers Monitored by Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Spectroscopy
Author(s) -
Meier Johann G.,
Klüppel Manfred
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
macromolecular materials and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.913
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1439-2054
pISSN - 1438-7492
DOI - 10.1002/mame.200700228
Subject(s) - materials science , vulcanization , dielectric , elastomer , percolation (cognitive psychology) , dielectric spectroscopy , dielectric elastomers , carbon black , composite material , nanoscopic scale , polymer , spectroscopy , natural rubber , chemical engineering , chemical physics , polymer chemistry , nanotechnology , optoelectronics , chemistry , electrode , electrochemistry , neuroscience , biology , quantum mechanics , engineering , physics
The morphological structure of CB networks in elastomers and their flocculation dynamics under heat treatment and especially during vulcanization are analyzed by dynamic mechanical and dielectric spectroscopy. Dielectric spectra in the MHz range show that nanoscopic gaps between adjacent CB particles develop during heat treatment or vulcanization. These gaps are maintained by immobilized polymer layers acting as flexible bonds between the particles. Low‐frequency dielectric data indicate that the static percolation model qualitatively describes the dielectric properties of the conducting CB network on large length scales, but a superimposed kinetic aggregation process takes place on smaller length scales.