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Encapsulation of Inorganic Particles with Nanostructured Cellulose
Author(s) -
Nelson Kimberly,
Deng Yulin
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
macromolecular materials and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.913
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1439-2054
pISSN - 1438-7492
DOI - 10.1002/mame.200700202
Subject(s) - cellulose , materials science , regenerated cellulose , chemical engineering , crystallinity , nanoparticle , nanostructure , oxide , polymer chemistry , composite material , nanotechnology , engineering , metallurgy
Inorganic‐cellulose core‐shell and hollow cellulose nanoparticles were prepared by self‐encapsulation with regenerated cellulose in a poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel layer surrounding inorganic particle templates in N ‐methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) (4‐methylmorpholine N ‐oxide) monohydrate solution. The hydrogel layer surrounding the inorganic particle surface plays a decisive role in the core‐shell formation. The core‐shell nanostructures were characterized using TEM, SEM, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The cellulose shell was found to be composed of cellulose spheres or nodules with dimensions of approximately 30 nm. Individual, regenerated cellulose nanoparticles were also synthesized by addition of nonsolvent under agitation to dilute solutions of cellulose dissolved in NMMO. The effects of the rate of addition of water (the nonsolvent) on the nanostructure, morphology and crystallinity of the regenerated cellulose nanoparticles were studied. The results indicate that the faster the water‐addition rate, the smaller the cellulose nanoparticles formed.