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Catalyzed Solid‐State Polyamidation
Author(s) -
Vouyiouka Stamati.,
Papaspyrides Constantine D.,
Pfaendner Rudolf
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
macromolecular materials and engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.913
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1439-2054
pISSN - 1438-7492
DOI - 10.1002/mame.200600254
Subject(s) - catalysis , materials science , reaction rate constant , reactivity (psychology) , chemical engineering , kinetics , polyamide , phase (matter) , viscosity , condensation polymer , phosphorus , reaction rate , plastics extrusion , combustion , nitrogen , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , chemistry , composite material , pathology , quantum mechanics , engineering , metallurgy , medicine , physics , alternative medicine
Summary: The current study is focused on key experiments on catalyzed SSP, examining the effect of selected phosphonates on the overall process rate. Catalyst incorporation was achieved through melt blending in a single screw extruder, providing a suitable and homogenous starting material for the reaction in the solid phase. More specifically, the post‐polycondensation runs were performed in a fixed bed reactor under flowing nitrogen at 160 and 200 °C. The additives used were found to catalyze the reaction in the solid phase, resulting even in tripling the solution relative viscosity after 4 h of SSP. Differences in the catalytic performance of the added materials were observed and correlated to the catalysts properties and morphology. An indicative potential catalysis mechanism is suggested, in which reactivity enhancement through partial attachment of the phosphorus compounds on the polyamide chain is the key step. Finally, the kinetics of the process were examined based on a power‐law rate expression, which was further modified so as to relate the apparent SSP rate constant with the phosphorus concentration.SSP rate constants as a function of catalyst content.