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Cyclic Hydrazide‐Functionalized Poly(ethylene oxide) Frameworks for the Synthesis of pH‐Cleavable Drug‐Carriers and Their Applications for the Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles
Author(s) -
Lee Geon Chang,
Seo Donghwa,
Kim Junggyu,
Siddique Abu B.,
Park Hyeonjong,
Kim Hyun Jun,
Kang HoJung,
Lee Jae Yeol,
Lim Jeewoo,
Kim Jungahn,
Kim Sehoon
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
macromolecular chemistry and physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.57
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1521-3935
pISSN - 1022-1352
DOI - 10.1002/macp.201900075
Subject(s) - copolymer , polymer chemistry , hydrazide , chemistry , ethylene oxide , ethylene glycol , conjugated system , combinatorial chemistry , organic chemistry , polymer
In this paper, two different types of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) frameworks with different functional groups such as the thiol group and cyclic hydrazide in the α,ω ‐positions bearing “smartness” are introduced. These heterobifunctional PEOs are synthesized via different functionalization approaches using t ‐butoxy PEO. Heterobifunctional PEOs, both α‐luminol‐ω‐thiol PEO and α‐thiol‐ω‐cyclic hydrazide PEO, are prepared by chain‐end functionalization of the reactive t ‐butoxy PEOs. The chain‐end luminol as a cyclic hydrazide is found to be effective to yield pH‐responsive prodrugs from the reaction with doxorubicin (Dox) yielding corresponding Dox‐tethered PEO. The active t ‐butoxy PEO‐initiated block copolymerization of N ‐phenylmaleimide ( N ‐PMI) in acetone yields a block copolymer controlled in the 3‐ to 5‐units range of the N ‐PMI group. The deprotection of the t ‐butoxy group, followed by tosylation, thioacetylaton, and the Gabriel process, provides corresponding α‐thiol‐ω‐cyclic hydrazide PEO. The functionality yields are almost quantitative (over 98 mol%). Polymeric prodrugs such as Dox‐tethered PEO and folate‐conjugated PEO are successfully employed for the stabilization of gold (Au) nanoparticles. The resulting products are characterized by a combination of proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopic, ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopic, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), transmission electron microscopic (TEM), and size‐exclusion chromatographic (SEC) analysis.