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Hydrophobically Modified Poly(acrylic acid) Using 3‐Pentadecylcyclohexylamine: Synthesis and Rheology
Author(s) -
Shedge Aarti S.,
Lele Ashish K.,
Wadgaonkar Prakash P.,
Hourdet Dominique,
Perrin Patrick,
Chassenieux Christophe,
Badiger Manohar V.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
macromolecular chemistry and physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.57
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1521-3935
pISSN - 1022-1352
DOI - 10.1002/macp.200400392
Subject(s) - viscometer , rheology , polymer chemistry , polymer , chemical engineering , viscosity , chemistry , shear thinning , acrylic acid , intrinsic viscosity , materials science , organic chemistry , composite material , monomer , engineering
Summary: Hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid) was synthesized using 3‐pentadecylcyclohexylamine (3‐PDCA), which was in turn synthesized from 3‐pentadecylphenol, one of the components of cashew‐nut shell liquid (CNSL), a renewable resource material. 1 H NMR spectra confirmed the incorporation of 3‐PDCA onto PAA and a series of HMPs with three different molar concentrations, viz ≅ 3, 5 and 7 mol‐% of 3‐PDCA, were synthesized. An increase in viscosity with increasing hydrophobic content was observed by rheological measurements. The critical association concentrations were determined using an Ubbelohde viscometer and a controlled stress rheometer. The stability of HMPs towards temperature and shear was studied. Rheological measurements showed that there was a steady increase in viscosity with increase in hydrophobe content due to the formation of reversible networks. These polymers exhibited gel‐like behavior at low concentrations (≥2 wt.‐%) with an apparent yield stress (ca. 10 Pa) and showed shear thinning properties (non‐Newtonian). However, below a critical concentration, c [ η ], they showed Newtonian behavior.η sp of unmodified and modified PAA‐Na at various polymer concentrations.