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Controlled/Living Free‐Radical Polymerization in the Presence of Benzyl 9H‐Carbazole‐9‐Carbodithioate under 60 Co γ ‐Ray Irradiation
Author(s) -
Hua Daoben,
Zhang Jianxia,
Bai Ruke,
Lu Weiqi,
Pan Caiyuan
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
macromolecular chemistry and physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.57
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1521-3935
pISSN - 1022-1352
DOI - 10.1002/macp.200300191
Subject(s) - polymerization , polymer chemistry , living free radical polymerization , radical polymerization , gel permeation chromatography , molar mass distribution , chemistry , living polymerization , reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization , bulk polymerization , chain growth polymerization , monomer , polymer , solution polymerization , methyl methacrylate , chain transfer , photochemistry , organic chemistry
Summary: Free‐radical polymerizations of vinyl monomers under 60 Co γ ‐ray irradiation in the presence of benzyl 9H‐carbazole‐9‐carbodithioate (BCCDT) have been studied. The polymers obtained were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy. The results for the polymerization of methyl acrylate show that the molecular weight increases linearly with monomer conversion, that the molecular weight distribution is fairly narrow (even equal to 1.01) and that a linear relationship exists between ln([ M ] 0 /[ M ]) and polymerization time. All the evidence suggests that BCCDT is a good control agent and that the polymerization has excellent living characteristics. For styrene, the polymerization is a controlled process, although it is very slow, whereas the polymerization of methyl methacrylate is uncontrolled. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that dithiocarbamate has been used in γ ‐ray initiated living free radical polymerization.GPC curve of PMA from the polymerization under 60 Co γ ‐ray irradiation, in the presence of BCCDT.