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Preparation of surface‐modified polystyrene microspheres by an azo‐initiator having analogous structure to the head group of phosphatidylcholine
Author(s) -
Sugiyama Kazuo,
Ohga Koji,
Kikukawa Kiyoshi
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
macromolecular chemistry and physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.57
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1521-3935
pISSN - 1022-1352
DOI - 10.1002/macp.1994.021950418
Subject(s) - polymer chemistry , potassium persulfate , polystyrene , chemistry , emulsion polymerization , ammonium persulfate , styrene , polymerization , copolymer , lower critical solution temperature , nuclear chemistry , polymer , organic chemistry
A novel azo‐initiator, 2‐[(2‐ethylphosphatoethyl)dimethylammonio]ethyl 4,4′‐azobis‐(4‐cyanovalerate) (EAP‐501), was prepared. EAP‐501 [m. p. 97°C (dec.), λ max 346 nm in H 2 O] was found to be amphiphilic, with a Krafft point of 11,5°C and a critical micelle concentration of 47,2 mmol·dm −3 at 30°C and 48,6 mmol·dm −3 at 70°C. The rate and activation parameters for the thermal decomposition of EAP‐501 at 70°C were estimated to be k d = 2,35·10 −5 s −1 , Δ H ≠ = 118,4 kJ·mol −1 and Δ S ≠ = 10,5 J·mol −1 ·K −1 . Emulsion polymerization of styrene initiated with EAP‐501 gave polymer microspheres in high yield. The resulting polystyrene microspheres were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The polystyrene microspheres have diameters from 321 to 649 nm by varying the EAP‐501 concentration. The ammonium phosphate groups, which are comparable to the polar head group of phospholipids, are concentrated on the surface of the particles. The particles were found to reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared with particles prepared by the emulsion polymerization of styrene initiated with potassium persulfate as an initiator.