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Failure analysis of liquefied chlorine condenser
Author(s) -
Xiang B.,
Cheng H.M.,
Xing S.,
Hong Q.,
Li X.M.,
Tao C.Y.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
materials and corrosion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.487
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 1521-4176
pISSN - 0947-5117
DOI - 10.1002/maco.200503935
Subject(s) - condenser (optics) , tube (container) , welding , corrosion , materials science , metallurgy , chlorine , composite material , light source , physics , optics
There was a serious blast of liquefied chlorine condenser last year in southwestern China and a few people were killed during the blast. To look for the reason of the explosion, the failed condenser was sampled and investigated through Industrial Computed Tomography (ICT), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical methods. The tube sheet was made of 16MnR, and the tube was made of 10 # seamless steel, while the welding material was J507 welding rod. ICT results showed corrosion in the inner of the tube sheet. Based on the SEM results, it was shown that there was obvious erosion near the inlet of chlorine gas and corrosion at the joint area of tube sheet, tube and welding material was much more serious than that of the other parts. Moreover, the electrochemical tests indicated that the corrosion potential of the tube sheet in 6wt.% FeCl 3 solution was a little more negative than that of the other two parts while in 29.9wt.% CaCl 2 solution the potential of the welding material was more negative than that of the tube. It could be inferred that there existed electrochemical corrosion. At the beginning, local corrosion of tube sheet, tube and welding material of condenser as well as the erosion of the tube interior surface took place. Then the corrosion was speeded up and led to the final failure of the condenser in a very short period after the condenser contacted the mixture of chlorine gas and the CaCl 2 solution contained ammonia, which reacted with chlorine gas to form the explosive NCl 3 .