Premium
Conductive Biomaterials as Substrates for Neural Stem Cells Differentiation towards Neuronal Lineage Cells
Author(s) -
Farokhi Mehdi,
Mottaghitalab Fatemeh,
Saeb Mohammad Reza,
Shojaei Shahrokh,
Zarrin Negin Khaneh,
Thomas Sabu,
Ramakrishna Seeram
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
macromolecular bioscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.924
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1616-5195
pISSN - 1616-5187
DOI - 10.1002/mabi.202000123
Subject(s) - neural stem cell , stem cell , regeneration (biology) , progenitor cell , neuroscience , microbiology and biotechnology , neural tissue engineering , nanotechnology , materials science , nervous system , biology , chemistry
Abstract The injuries and defects in the central nervous system are the causes of disability and death of an affected person. As of now, there are no clinically available methods to enhance neural structural regeneration and functional recovery of nerve injuries. Recently, some experimental studies claimed that the injuries in brain can be repaired by progenitor or neural stem cells located in the neurogenic sites of adult mammalian brain. Various attempts have been made to construct biomimetic physiological microenvironment for neural stem cells to control their ultimate fate. Conductive materials have been considered as one the best choices for nerve regeneration due to the capacity to mimic the microenvironment of stem cells and regulate the alignment, growth, and differentiation of neural stem cells. The review highlights the use of conductive biomaterials, e.g., polypyrrole, polyaniline, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene), multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, single‐wall carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite oxide, for controlling the neural stem cells activities in terms of proliferation and neuronal differentiation. The effects of conductive biomaterials in axon elongation and synapse formation for optimal repair of central nervous system injuries are also discussed.