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Detection and Evaluation of Anti‐Cancer Efficiency of Astragalus Polysaccharide Via a Tissue Engineered Tumor Model
Author(s) -
Li Wenfang,
Hu Xueyan,
Wang Shuping,
Wang Hai,
Parungao Roxanne,
Wang Yiwei,
Liu Tianqing,
Song Kedong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
macromolecular bioscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.924
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1616-5195
pISSN - 1616-5187
DOI - 10.1002/mabi.201800223
Subject(s) - decellularization , chemistry , cytotoxicity , tumor necrosis factor alpha , biocompatibility , viability assay , cancer cell , apoptosis , polysaccharide , cancer research , tumor microenvironment , nitric oxide , microbiology and biotechnology , cancer , biochemistry , immunology , biology , in vitro , tumor cells , extracellular matrix , organic chemistry , genetics
Polysaccharides have been known to display their anti‐cancer activity via immunomodulation. The immunomodulation of RAW 246.7 macrophages by astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is herein studied in human breast cancer cells. Apart from traditional 2D culture, a novel tissue‐engineered tumor model is prepared based on decellularized porcine lung scaffold. Decellularized lung scaffolds exhibit preferable biocompatibility that promote the formation and enlargement of tumor spheroids. The conditioned medium (CM, the supernatant liquid of APS‐treated RAW264.7 macrophages) shows anti‐cancer activity by inhibiting cell proliferation, demonstrated by a 39.25 ± 5.04% decrease in tumoroid size and 20.96 ± 2.43% reduction in cell viability, and promoting cell apoptosis by the nuclear fragmentation and increasing apoptotic‐stage proportion. The cytotoxicity of CM is associated with the upregulated production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor‐α from RAW 246.7 cells stimulated by APS. Overall, by using this 3D tumor model to study CM, there is convincing evidence that APS can modulate macrophage function to further mediate anti‐cancer activity.