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Physicochemical Characterization of the Shell Composition of PBCA‐Based Polymeric Microbubbles
Author(s) -
Appold Lia,
Shi Yang,
Rütten Stephan,
Kühne Alexander,
Pich Andrij,
Kiessling Fabian,
Lammers Twan
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
macromolecular bioscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.924
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1616-5195
pISSN - 1616-5187
DOI - 10.1002/mabi.201700002
Subject(s) - dispersity , microbubbles , chemistry , gel permeation chromatography , polymer , drug delivery , pulmonary surfactant , shell (structure) , permeation , characterization (materials science) , size exclusion chromatography , chemical engineering , drug carrier , chromatography , polymer chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science , organic chemistry , membrane , ultrasound , biochemistry , composite material , engineering , enzyme , physics , acoustics
Microbubbles (MB) are routinely used as contrast agents for ultrasound (US) imaging. In recent years, MB have also attracted interest as drug delivery systems. Soft‐shelled lipidic MB tend to be more advantageous for US imaging, while hard‐shelled polymeric MB appear to be more suitable for drug delivery purposes because of their thicker shell and the resulting higher drug loading capacity. The physicochemical composition of the shell of polymeric MB, however, remains largely unknown. This study sets out to evaluate the molecular weight and polydispersity of the building blocks constituting the shell of poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA) MB. Several different PBCA MB were synthesized, varying preparation parameters such as pH, surfactant, stirring speed, and stirring time. Using gel permeation chromatography, it is found that the number average molecular weight ( M n ) of the polymer chains in the shell of PBCA MB is 4 kDa, and that >99% of the polymer chains are below 40 kDa. This demonstrates that virtually all polymeric building blocks in the shell of PBCA MB have a size which allows for renal excretion, thereby supporting their use for drug delivery applications.