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3D X‐Ray Nanotomography of Cells Grown on Electrospun Scaffolds
Author(s) -
Bradley Robert S.,
Robinson Ian K.,
Yusuf Mohammed
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
macromolecular bioscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.924
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1616-5195
pISSN - 1616-5187
DOI - 10.1002/mabi.201600236
Subject(s) - scaffold , biomedical engineering , materials science , zernike polynomials , electrospinning , nanotechnology , polymer , biophysics , chemistry , optics , composite material , biology , medicine , physics , wavefront
Here, it is demonstrated that X‐ray nanotomography with Zernike phase contrast can be used for 3D imaging of cells grown on electrospun polymer scaffolds. The scaffold fibers and cells are simultaneously imaged, enabling the influence of scaffold architecture on cell location and morphology to be studied. The high resolution enables subcellular details to be revealed. The X‐ray imaging conditions were optimized to reduce scan times, making it feasible to scan multiple regions of interest in relatively large samples. An image processing procedure is presented which enables scaffold characteristics and cell location to be quantified. The procedure is demonstrated by comparing the ingrowth of cells after culture for 3 and 6 days.