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Electronic device generated light increases reactive oxygen species in human fibroblasts
Author(s) -
Austin Evan,
Huang Amy,
Adar Tony,
Wang Erica,
Jagdeo Jared
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
lasers in surgery and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1096-9101
pISSN - 0196-8092
DOI - 10.1002/lsm.22794
Subject(s) - reactive oxygen species , apoptosis , necrosis , irradiation , human skin , biomedical engineering , materials science , biophysics , chemistry , medicine , biology , pathology , biochemistry , physics , genetics , nuclear physics
Objectives Our skin is constantly exposed to light from solar radiation and electronic devices, which impact skin physiology and aging. The biological altering properties of ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation on skin have been well established. There is significant scientific and public interest on the effects of electronic device generated light (EDGL) on skin. Currently, the effects of EDGL on skin are largely unknown. EDGL includes UV, visible, and infrared light from consumer electronics such as smartphones, computers, and televisions. In this study, we measured the wavelength specific irradiance from electronic devices, and irradiated fibroblasts with white EDGL to determine changes in reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Methods To determine the EDGL output of commonly used consumer electronic devices, we measured the irradiance from electronic devices at the manufacturers’ recommended reading distances and at 1 cm. To determine the effect of EDGL on human skin cells, we irradiated AG13145 fibroblasts with EDGL for 1 hour at a distance of 1 cm and measured changes in reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis, and necrosis. Results ROS increased significantly by 81.71%, 85.79%, and 92.98% relative to control following 1 hour of white EDGL from iPhone 8+, iPhone 6, and iPad (first generation), respectively. There was a non‐significant change in apoptosis following irradiation with an iPhone 8+, iPhone 6, and iPad. Total necrosis was less than 2% for all treatment and control groups. Conclusions Our results suggest that short exposures of EDGL increase ROS generation, but the long‐term effects associated with repeated exposures of EDGL are unknown. As electronic devices become more widely used and integrated into society globally, we anticipate greater scientific research and general public interest on the effects of visible EDGL on skin. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:689–695, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.