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Photothermolysis of blood vessels using indocyanine green and pulsed diode laser irradiation in the dorsal skinfold chamber model
Author(s) -
Babilas Philipp,
Shafirstein Gal,
Baier Jürgen,
Schacht Vivien,
Szeimies RolfMarkus,
Landthaler Michael,
Bäumler Wolfgang,
Abels Christoph
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
lasers in surgery and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1096-9101
pISSN - 0196-8092
DOI - 10.1002/lsm.20483
Subject(s) - indocyanine green , irradiation , perfusion , laser , blood vessel , histology , fluence , nuclear medicine , biomedical engineering , dorsum , materials science , chemistry , anatomy , medicine , surgery , pathology , optics , radiology , physics , psychiatry , nuclear physics
Background and Objective For the treatment of vascular lesions, the use of laser light absorbed by the endogenous chromophore hemoglobin may still be improved. Materials and Methods Laser treatment ( λ em = 805 nm; fluence rate: 106 kW/cm 2 ; fluence: 3.2 J/cm 2 (3 milliseconds)), of blood vessels directly after i.v. application of indocyanine green (ICG) (ICG‐concentration: 0, 2, or 4 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) ( n = 14,117) was investigated in the skinfold chamber model. Vessel diameters (1–351 µm) were measured using intravital fluorescence microscopy up to 24 hours following irradiation. Histology was taken 1 or 24 hours after irradiation. Results were compared to a mathematical model based on the finite element method. Results The reduction of blood vessel perfusion was proportional to ICG‐concentration and pulse duration; only a 30 milliseconds pulse duration (2 or 4 mg/kg b.w. ICG‐concentration) induced a loss of perfusion even of blood vessels with a diameter <30 µm. Histology revealed photocoagulation of blood vessels up to 24 hours. Results were in agreement with mathematical calculations. Conclusion ICG‐mediated laser irradiation induces irreversible photocoagulation of blood vessels of all diameters in this model. Lasers Surg. Med. 39: 341–352, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.