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In vitro effects of pulsed holmium laser energy on canine uroliths and porcine cadaveric urethra
Author(s) -
Wynn Victoria M.,
Davidson Ellen B.,
Higbee Russell G.,
Ritchey Jerry W.,
Ridgway Tisha D.,
Bartels Kenneth E.,
Lucroy Michael D.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
lasers in surgery and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1096-9101
pISSN - 0196-8092
DOI - 10.1002/lsm.10222
Subject(s) - holmium , lithotripsy , urethra , cadaveric spasm , medicine , laser , fragmentation (computing) , biomedical engineering , irradiation , urology , nuclear medicine , surgery , materials science , biology , optics , ecology , physics , nuclear physics
Background and Objectives To assess the effect of holmium laser energy on canine uroliths and porcine urethra. Study Design/Materials and Methods Uroliths of known composition and fresh cadaveric urethra were exposed to holmium laser energy. Urolith fragmentation times and depth of urethral lesions were determined. Results Overall mean fragmentation time was 11.8 ± 8.01 seconds. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) and urate uroliths had significantly shorter fragmentation times compared to other uroliths. Fragmentation time of MAP uroliths irradiated with 1.2 J/pulse was significantly longer than the fragmentation time of MAP uroliths irradiated with 0.3 J/pulse. Overall mean lesion depth for urethral specimens treated with 90° contact mode irradiation was significantly greater than overall mean lesion depth for specimens treated with 30° non‐contact mode. Conclusions Holmium laser energy effectively fragmented canine uroliths and caused minimal urethral damage in vitro. Dogs with urolithiasis may represent a useful animal model for developing human lithotripsy procedures. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:243–246, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.