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Photodynamic therapy for human oral squamous cell carcinoma and xenografts using a new photosensitizer, PAD‐S31
Author(s) -
Date Masataka,
Sakata Isao,
Fukuchi Kazuhide,
Ohura Kiyoshi,
Azuma Yasutaka,
Shinohara Mitsuko,
Matsuzaki Koichi,
Namiki Yoshihisa,
Takahashi Hiroshi
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
lasers in surgery and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.888
H-Index - 112
eISSN - 1096-9101
pISSN - 0196-8092
DOI - 10.1002/lsm.10188
Subject(s) - photosensitizer , photodynamic therapy , in vivo , viability assay , mtt assay , apoptosis , cancer research , cell culture , cell , in vitro , medicine , pathology , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , photochemistry , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry
Background and Objectives Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and promising cancer treatment that employs a combination of photosensitizer and visible light. We examined the effect of PDT using a new photosensitizer, PAD‐S31, and the 670‐nm diode laser in human oral squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Study Design/Materials and Methods SAS and HSC‐4 cell lines were used in all the experiments. Cell viability was determined by a modified MTT assay. Two methods were used for the determination of apoptosis in human oral SCC cells: TUNEL assay and detection of fragmented mono‐ and oligo‐nucleosomes by ELISA. Xenografts of human oral SCC cells were generated in KSN S1c nude mice. Results In vitro PDT using PAD‐S31 and the 670‐nm diode laser showed cytotoxicity that was a function of laser energy, drug concentration, and time to the SAS and HSC‐4 cell lines. On the other hand, PAD‐S31 without irradiation had no effect on cell viability. The combinated use of PAD‐S31 and the laser irradiation showed excellent anti‐tumor activity against tumor xenografts without severe side effects. PDT‐mediated cell death occurred predominantly by apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions The present study demonstrates that PAD‐S31 may serve as a potent photosensitizer for PDT. Furthermore, it is expected that this therapy will be clinically useful for the treatment of patients with oral carcinoma. Lasers Surg. Med. 33:57–63, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.