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Redesigning alkylated diphenylamine antioxidants for modern lubricants
Author(s) -
Gatto Vincent J.,
Elnagar Hassan Y.,
Moehle William E.,
Schneller Emily R.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
lubrication science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.632
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 1557-6833
pISSN - 0954-0075
DOI - 10.1002/ls.28
Subject(s) - diphenylamine , lubricant , alkylation , differential scanning calorimetry , chemistry , organic chemistry , materials science , process engineering , chemical engineering , engineering , thermodynamics , catalysis , physics
This paper describes a new alkylation technology that is very effective at synthesizing structurally different alkylated diphenylamine chemistries relative to those currently available to lubricant formulators. Examples are provided showing how this technology can be used in a practical way to produce a variety of chemically modified nonylated diphenylamine types. One example is also provided illustrating the preparation of a higher molecular weight dodecylated diphenylamine. Engine oil performance data utilizing pressurized differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC), the thermo‐oxidation engine oil simulation test, and a bulk oil oxidation test demonstrate that subtle changes in alkylated diphenylamine chemical composition can result in significant oxidation and deposit control performance enhancements or losses. Examples of similar performance responses in industrial oils are demonstrated utilizing PDSC and the rotating pressure vessel oxidation test. These performance changes are directly related to specific structural changes in the modified products. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.