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Tunable graphene‐based plasmonic waveguides: nano modulators and nano attenuators
Author(s) -
Lao Jieer,
Tao Jin,
Wang Qi Jie,
Huang Xu Guang
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
laser and photonics reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.778
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1863-8899
pISSN - 1863-8880
DOI - 10.1002/lpor.201300199
Subject(s) - attenuation , graphene , materials science , cladding (metalworking) , optoelectronics , plasmon , photonics , optics , modulation (music) , cutoff frequency , bandwidth (computing) , nanotechnology , physics , telecommunications , acoustics , metallurgy , computer science
A modulation principle and method, the gate‐voltage‐controlled mode‐guiding switching/mode‐cutoff mechanism, is proposed and numerically investigated to achieve the modulation/attenuation function. The propagating attenuation of the graphene 2D waveguide as a function of the Fermi level of the cladding is analyzed. Different modes with low or high attenuations in a wide attenuation range have been observed. The proposed structure avoids the patterning on graphene or substrate, thus diminishing the energy scattering on the edges. It also has the advantages of large modulation depth/attenuation range, wide bandwidth, and sub‐micrometer chip‐length with a nanoscale lateral section, which is promising for future graphene‐based integrated photonic devices.