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Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers
Author(s) -
Grivas C.,
Pollnau M.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
laser and photonics reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.778
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1863-8899
pISSN - 1863-8880
DOI - 10.1002/lpor.201100034
Subject(s) - photonics , amplifier , solid state , laser , computer science , compatibility (geochemistry) , materials science , engineering physics , nanotechnology , electronic engineering , optoelectronics , telecommunications , engineering , optics , physics , bandwidth (computing) , composite material
Solid‐state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state‐of‐the‐art in the field of organic solid‐state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology. (Figure reprinted from [296], ©2000, with permission from Elsevier.)