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Fat Distribution and Lipid Profile of Young Adults with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21‐Hydroxylase Enzyme Deficiency
Author(s) -
Borges Juliano Henrique,
Oliveira Daniel Minutti,
LemosMarini Sofia Helena Valente,
Geloneze Bruno,
Gonçalves Ezequiel Moreira,
GuerraJúnior Gil
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1002/lipd.12280
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , congenital adrenal hyperplasia , lipid profile , interquartile range , cholesterol
We aimed to compare detailed fat distribution and lipid profile between young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21‐hydroxylase enzyme deficiency and a control group. We also verified independent associations of treatment duration and daily hydrocortisone dose equivalent (HDE) with lipid profile within patients. This case–control study included 23 patients (7 male and 16 female) matched by an age range of young adults (18–31 years) with 20 control subjects (8 male and 12 female). Dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry was used to measure the fat distribution. Male patients demonstrated elevated indices of fat mass for total (7.7 ± 2.1 vs. 4.5 ± 1.3 kg/m 2 , p = 0.003), trunk (4.0 ± 1.2 vs. 2.2 ± 0.8 kg/m 2 , p = 0.005), android (0.63 ± 0.24 vs. 0.32 ± 0.15 kg/m 2 , p = 0.008), gynoid (1.34 ± 0.43 vs. 0.74 ± 0.24 kg/m 2 , p = 0.005), arm (0.65 ± 0.16 vs. 0.39 ± 0.10 kg/m 2 , p = 0.009), and leg regions (2.7 ± 0.8 vs. 1.6 ± 0.4 kg/m 2 , p = 0.005) than the control group, but not in females. However, female patients demonstrated elevated ratio of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.90 ± 0.46 vs. 1.39 ± 0.47, p = 0.009) than the control group, but not in males. Total fat mass was inversely correlated with total testosterone ( r = −0.64, p = 0.014) and positively correlated with leptin in males ( r = 0.75, p = 0.002). An elevated daily HDE ( β = 0.43, p = 0.038 and β = 0.47, p = 0.033) and trunk to total fat mass ratio ( β = 0.46, p = 0.025, and β = 0.45, p = 0.037) were independently correlated with impaired lipid profile markers. Although there is no altered lipid profile, male patients demonstrated an increased fat distribution. However, female patients presented with an impaired lipid profile marker but demonstrated close values of normal fat distribution. Interestingly, the dose of glucocorticoid therapy can have some role in the lipid mechanisms.