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Adaptations of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria to Obesity, Exercise, and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Author(s) -
Chen Phoebe B.,
Yang Jason S.,
Park Yeonhwa
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1002/lipd.12037
Subject(s) - mitochondrial biogenesis , skeletal muscle , mitochondrion , biology , mitochondrial fission , mitochondrial fusion , microbiology and biotechnology , organelle biogenesis , peroxisome , polyunsaturated fatty acid , oxidative stress , biochemistry , fatty acid , mitochondrial dna , biogenesis , endocrinology , gene
Mitochondria intricately modulate their energy production through the control of mitochondrial adaptation (mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and/or fission) to meet energy demands. Nutrient overload may result in dysregulated mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology toward mitochondrial fragmentation, and oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle. In addition, physical activity and diet components influence mitochondrial function. Exercise may stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and promote mitochondrial fusion/fission in the skeletal muscle. Moreover, some dietary fatty acids, such as n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid, have been identified to positively regulate mitochondrial adaptation in the skeletal muscle. This review discusses the association of mitochondrial impairments and obesity, and presents an overview of various mechanisms of which exercise training and mitochondrial nutrients promote mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle.