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Survival Differences Between Pediatric Head and Neck Versus Body Melanoma in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program
Author(s) -
Shi Kevin,
Camilon P. Ryan,
Roberts Jared M.,
Meier Jeremy D.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1002/lary.28711
Subject(s) - medicine , melanoma , scalp , hazard ratio , trunk , dermatology , epidemiology , head and neck , nodular melanoma , confidence interval , skin cancer , demographics , radiology , surgery , cancer , ecology , cancer research , biology , demography , sociology
Objectives/Hypothesis To review the demographics, treatment, and survival of pediatric melanoma of the head and neck and to determine if melanoma of the head and neck has worse survival than melanoma of other body sites. Study Design Retrospective database review. Methods Pediatric patients from 0 to 21 years in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registries database were included from 1975 to 2016 based on a diagnosis of melanoma of the skin using the primary site International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition codes from C44.0‐C44.9.skin of lip, C44.1‐eyelid, C44.2‐external ear, C44.3‐skin other/unspecified parts of face, C44.4‐skin of scalp and neck, C44.5‐skin of trunk, C44.6‐skin of upper limb and shoulder, C44.7‐skin of lower limb and hip, C44.8‐overlapping lesion of skin, and C44.9‐skin, NOS (not otherwise specified). Results A total of 4,561 pediatric melanomas of the skin were identified. There were 854 (18.7%) cases of melanoma of the head and neck (MHN) and 3,707 (81.3%) cases of melanoma of the body (MOB). The hazard ratio for MHN versus MOB was 1.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.3‐2.1) after accounting for sex, race, and age. Of MHN sites, the hazard ratio for melanoma of the scalp and neck was 2.2 (1.1‐4.7). The 2‐ and 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier overall survival for MHN were 94.6% and 90.7%, respectively, compared with 96.6% and 94.7%, respectively, for MOB ( P < .01). Conclusions Survival outcomes of pediatric melanoma are notably related to anatomic site. Children with melanoma of the scalp and neck have the worst survival of all sites. Additionally, children who are older/white/male are at greater risk for worse survival outcomes. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope , 131:E635–E641, 2021