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Racial disparities in preventable risk factors for head and neck cancer
Author(s) -
Dwojak Sunshine,
Bhattacharyya Neil
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1002/lary.26203
Subject(s) - medicine , demography , asian americans , pacific islanders , population , behavioral risk factor surveillance system , binge drinking , risk factor , ethnic group , gerontology , environmental health , poison control , injury prevention , sociology , anthropology
Objectives/Hypothesis To demonstrate racial differences in preventable risk behaviors/practices that contribute to head and neck cancer (HNCA). Study Design Cross‐sectional analysis of large national risk factor survey. Methods The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2013 was analyzed. Demographic data were extracted, including age, sex, and race. Social habits considered risk factors for HNCA were also extracted, including alcohol consumption, smoking, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status. Statistical comparisons were conducted according to race for each risk factor, and additional comparisons were conducted within the American Indian population subgroup for risk factors according to sex. Results A total of 238.6 million Americans were surveyed. American Indians reported higher rates of binge drinking (19.0%) than whites (17.3%), blacks (12.4%), and Asian Americans (13.1%; P < .001). This rate was significantly higher for American Indian males (23.5%) versus females (13.7%; P < .001). Mean total drinks per month was higher for whites and American Indians (13.5 and 13.5; P < .001). American Indians reported the highest rates of current smoking (28.1%), followed by blacks (20.1%), whites (18.3%), and Asians (10.2%; P < .001). American Indians also reported the highest rates of every day smoking (18.2%), versus whites (13.3%), blacks (13.1%), and Asians (6.1%; P < .001). Rates of HPV vaccination were lowest for American Indians (11.7%), compared to whites (14.6%), blacks (13.6%), and Asians (12%; P = 0.618). Conclusions There are striking racial disparities in the prevalence of preventable risk factors for HNCA. These data highlight the need for targeted education and prevention programs in particular racial groups. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope , 127:1068–1072, 2017