Premium
Grade repetition and parents' perception of hearing loss: An analysis of data from children in the United States
Author(s) -
Gilani Sapideh,
Roditi Rachel,
Bhattacharyya Neil
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1002/lary.26131
Subject(s) - repetition (rhetorical device) , perception , psychology , audiology , hearing loss , developmental psychology , medicine , linguistics , philosophy , neuroscience
Objectives/Hypothesis To determine whether parent‐perceived hearing problems are associated with grade repetition among children in the United States. Study Design Retrospective cohort analysis of a contemporary national database. Methods The National Survey of Children's Health 2011 to 2012 was analyzed. Hearing loss, as perceived and reported by parents, was categorized as: no hearing problem, history of a hearing problem, or current hearing problem. Children never repeating a grade versus repeating one or more grades (kindergarten–high school) were identified. Univariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyzed the association of hearing problems with grade repetition. Patients with mental retardation, autism, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder were excluded from the analysis. After adjusting for race, sex, and poverty level, odds ratios for grade repetition were computed. Results Among 66.1 million (average age, 8.3 years, 49.0% male) children, 97.3% never had a hearing problem, 1.7% had a history of a hearing problem, and 1.0% had a current hearing problem. Overall, 7.1% repeated a grade. Grade repetition was reported in 6.9% of children without a hearing problem versus 9.4% with a history of a hearing problem and 19.3% with a current hearing problem ( P < 0.001). After adjustment for race, poverty level, and sex, a history of a hearing problem demonstrated an odds ratio of 1.9 (95% confidence interval 0.82–4.13) for grade repetition, whereas a current hearing problem demonstrated an odds ratio of 3.0 (1.90–4.80). Conclusion Parents' perception of children's hearing problems is strongly associated with grade repetition. This trend is noticed in elementary school more than in high school. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope , 127:741–745, 2017