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Fungal extracts detected in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis induced cytokines from the nasal polyp cells
Author(s) -
Hirotsu Mikio,
Shiozawa Akihito,
Ono Noritsugu,
Miwa Masato,
Kikuchi Ken,
Ikeda Katsuhisa
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1002/lary.24655
Subject(s) - nasal polyps , eosinophil , eosinophilic , biology , proinflammatory cytokine , pathology , immunology , mucous membrane of nose , cytokine , medicine , inflammation , asthma
Objectives/Hypothesis The role of fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still controversial. The present study was conducted to detect and identify fungal species from the nasal polyp tissues of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRS, and to determine the role of fungal antigens in cytokine production. Study Design Prospective study. Methods Thirty‐five specimens of nasal polyps were collected from patients with CRS and examined for fungus using culture, histology, and polymerase chain reaction analysis. The secretion of 14 cytokines stimulated by fungal extracts using dispersed nasal polyp cells (DNPCs) was determined by multiplex immunoassay. Results There was no microbiological growth (including fungus) in the cultures of homogenized nasal polyps. Furthermore, Grocott methanamine silver staining for all nasal polyps showed no fungal bodies. Sixteen of 35 samples of the nasal polyps showed amplification of fungal DNA. In none of the mucosa of the sphenoid sinus was fungal DNA detected. The number of eosinophils in the nasal polyps in which fungal DNA was detected was significantly higher than in the nasal polyps in which fungal DNA was not detected ( P < .01). The extract of fungus enhanced the secretion of eosinophil‐associated cytokines such as interleukine (IL)‐5, IL‐13, IL‐17A, and RANTES (regulated on activation normal T‐cell expressed and secreted), and proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor from DNPCs. Conclusions The present study offers direct evidence supporting that fungal elements modify the inflammatory response in the nasal polyps of eosinophilic CRS. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope , 124:E347–E353, 2014