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Surgical planning after sleep versus awake techniques in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Author(s) -
FernándezJulián Enrique,
GarcíaPérez Miguel Ángel,
GarcíaCallejo Javier,
Ferrer Felipe,
Martí Francisco,
Marco Jaime
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the laryngoscope
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 148
eISSN - 1531-4995
pISSN - 0023-852X
DOI - 10.1002/lary.24577
Subject(s) - medicine , obstructive sleep apnea , surgical planning , cephalometry , airway obstruction , polysomnography , cohen's kappa , orthodontics , physical examination , otorhinolaryngology , surgery , airway , apnea , anesthesia , machine learning , computer science
Objective/Hypothesis This study examined correlations between surgical recommendations based on either drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) or common awake examination methods in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Study Design Prospective, blinded, clinical trial at a university hospital. Methods An otorhinolaryngologist designed surgical plans for patients with OSAS after clinical examination, lateral cephalometry, the Müller maneuver, and Friedman staging. A second otorhinolaryngologist blinded to the previous plans made surgical recommendations after DISE. A third person tested agreement between the two sets of plans using Cohen's kappa statistic and the chi‐squared test. Results One hundred and sixty‐two patients (15 females, 147 males) completed the protocol. Good correlation was observed between DISE and Friedman staging regarding recommendations for isolated oropharyngeal or multilevel surgery (kappa = 0.61). Correlations between DISE and clinical examination, lateral cephalometry, and the Müller maneuver regarding surgical procedures on specific structures contributing to upper airway obstruction ranged from fair for velum/tonsil surgery ( k = 0.41–0.60) to poor ( k = 0.01–0.20) for tongue‐base, lateral pharyngeal wall, and epiglottal surgery. The most informative value was DISE versus clinical evaluation, lateral cephalometry, and the Müller maneuver, which changed surgical recommendations concerning the structures contributing to hypopharyngeal or laryngeal obstruction in > 40% of patients. Conclusions Our results indicate that DISE provides more information about the anatomical locations and pattern of obstruction, particularly regarding the specific structures contributing to hypopharyngeal and laryngeal obstruction. DISE changes surgical decision making compared to awake evaluation methods. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope , 124:1970–1974, 2014