Open AccessGhrelin promotes neural differentiation of adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cell via AKT/mTOR and β‐catenin signaling pathways
Author(s) -
Liu GuiBo,
Pan YanMing,
Liu YunShuang,
Hu JiaHang,
Zhang XiaoDong,
Zhang DaWei,
Wang Ying,
Feng YuKuan,
Yu JianBo,
Cheng YongXia
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.439
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 2410-8650
pISSN - 1607-551X
DOI - 10.1002/kjm2.12188
Subject(s) - pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , protein kinase b , microbiology and biotechnology , nestin , mesenchymal stem cell , neurogenesis , neural stem cell , ghrelin , stem cell , neurosphere , cellular differentiation , cancer research , medicine , biology , signal transduction , adult stem cell , biochemistry , hormone , gene
Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into various cell types. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ghrelin on the neural differentiation of rat ADSCs and underlying molecular mechanisms. Rat ADSCs were isolated and third‐passage ADSCs were used in this study. The isolated ADSCs were characterized by flow cytometry analysis for MSCs' surface expression markers as evidenced by positive for CD90, CD44, and CD29 and negative for CD34, CD45, and CD11b/2f/c. The multilineage differentiation of ADSCs was confirmed by adipogenic, osteogenic, and neural differentiation. After induction of neurogenesis, the differentiated cells were identified by development of neuron‐like morphology and expression of neural markers including glial fibrillary acidic protein, Nestin, MAP2, and β‐Tubulin III using immunofluorescence and western blot. Ghrelin concentration dependently elevated the proportion of neural‐like cells and branching dendrites, as well as upregulated the expression of neural markers. Further, the expression of nuclear β‐catenin, p‐GSK‐3β, p‐AKT, and p‐mTOR was increased by ghrelin, indicating an activation of β‐catenin and AKT/mTOR signaling after the ghrelin treatment. Importantly, inhibition of β‐catenin or AKT/mTOR signaling suppressed ghrelin‐induced neurogenesis. Therefore, we demonstrate that ghrelin promotes neural differentiation of ADSCs through the activation of β‐catenin and AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.