Open AccessAssessment of iron status and interplay between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in common hemoglobin variants in Osun State, southwestern Nigeria
Author(s) -
Ajibola Kabiru A.,
Adedokun Kamoru A.,
Oduola Taofeeq,
Oparinde Dolapo P.,
Ayelagbe Olubunmi G.,
Ojokuku Hammed O.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the kaohsiung journal of medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.439
H-Index - 36
eISSN - 2410-8650
pISSN - 1607-551X
DOI - 10.1002/kjm2.12062
Subject(s) - medicine , hemoglobin , glutathione peroxidase , lipid peroxidation , oxidative stress , malondialdehyde , superoxide dismutase , hematocrit , antioxidant , endocrinology , anemia , physiology , biochemistry , biology
Hemoglobin (Hb) and iron are prooxidants in nature and sources of free radicals in the biological system of all Hb phenotypes. Recent evidence linked abnormal hemoglobin S and C (HbSC) in sickle cell disease (SCD) to various complications in multiple oxidative processes. However, similar studies in relation to abnormal Hb traits are sparse. Besides, reports on activities of antioxidant enzymes and iron status in SCDs are still contradictory. This study assessed the interplay between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense capacity in various Hb variants. We enrolled 193 participants with different Hb phenotypes. They were consecutive patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS, n = 32) and hemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease (n = 28) regularly followed up in a steady state. Other participants were subjects with abnormal Hb traits (HbAS, n = 50; HbAC, n = 33) and normal controls (HbAA, n = 50). The hematocrit (Hct) level, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, iron status, and biochemical parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes were investigated simultaneously. The MDA and SOD levels were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in Hb variants in order of HbSS>HbSC>HbAC>HbAS when compared with controls. Conversely, GPx and TAS levels showed significant reductions ( P < 0.05). Similarly, Hct, Hb, and iron concentrations showed significant reductions ( P < 0.05) sequentially following HbAC > HbAS > HbSC > HbSS compared with controls. The results suggest that both SCDs and the carriers were relatively more vulnerable to systemic oxidative stress against normal phenotype, and may be owing to ineffective antioxidant mechanisms needed for keeping spontaneous generations of free radicals in control without necessarily iron‐mediated.