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Value of High‐Frequency Ultrasound in Accurate Staging of Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome
Author(s) -
Wang Yukun,
Niu Zihan,
Liu Jie,
Zhu Qingli,
Liu Zhaorui,
Liu Yuehua,
Jin Hongzhong
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of ultrasound in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1550-9613
pISSN - 0278-4297
DOI - 10.1002/jum.15297
Subject(s) - mycosis fungoides , medicine , dermis , echogenicity , lesion , infiltration (hvac) , pathology , numerical digit , ultrasound , stage (stratigraphy) , radiology , lymphoma , paleontology , physics , thermodynamics , arithmetic , mathematics , biology
Objectives This study was aimed to assess the ultrasound (US) characteristics of mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS) and explore the value of high‐frequency US in accuracy staging for classic mycosis fungoides (cMF). Methods A prospective study was designed. Twenty‐six patients with histopathologically confirmed MF or SS were enrolled to undergo HF‐US examinations. Both 50‐ and 20‐MHz US images of the most prominent lesion of each patient were collected by a cutaneous diagnostic US system, and the US characteristics in different stages were analyzed by 2 physicians independently. The Fisher exact test was used for the statistical analysis. Results A total of 26 patients underwent this study, including 23 with cMF, 2 with folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF), and 1 with SS. Among cMF, 16 patients with patches or plaques (the early‐stage group) showed a subepidermal low‐echogenic band, and only 3 lesions in the plaque stage partially extended to the superficial dermis. Seven patients with tumors (the advanced‐stage group) showed lesions that infiltrated to the deep dermis or subcutaneous tissue. The infiltration depth ( P < .001), clarity of the boundary ( P = .002), and homogeneity of internal echoes ( P = .001) were significantly different between the early and advanced stages. Additionally, the 2 FMF lesions and 1 SS lesion had characteristic manifestations, showing a well‐defined subepidermal low‐echogenic band with patchy hypoechoic regions around the hair follicles in the dermis. Conclusions High‐frequency US can be used to accurately detect the infiltration depth and morphologic features of MF/SS lesions and provide important information for tumor staging of cMF. Additionally, the characteristic US features in FMF and SS might be helpful for diagnosis.