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Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging of Breast Masses: Adjunct Tool to Decrease the Number of False‐Positive Biopsy Results
Author(s) -
Lee Sandy C.,
Tchelepi Hisham,
Grant Edward,
Desai Bhushan,
Luo Chunqiao,
Groshen Susan,
HovanessianLarsen Linda
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of ultrasound in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1550-9613
pISSN - 0278-4297
DOI - 10.1002/jum.14917
Subject(s) - medicine , biopsy , contrast enhanced ultrasound , ultrasound , radiology , breast imaging , mammography , confidence interval , prospective cohort study , bi rads , homogeneous , nuclear medicine , breast cancer , pathology , cancer , physics , thermodynamics
Objectives This pilot study evaluated use of contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to reduce the number of benign breast masses recommended for biopsy. Methods This prospective study included 131 consenting women, from October 2016 to June 2017, with American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category 4a, 4b, and 4c masses detected by mammography, conventional ultrasound (US), or both. Contrast‐enhanced US examinations (using intravenous injection of perflutren lipid microspheres or sulfur hexafluoride lipid‐type A microspheres) were performed before biopsy. Qualitative and quantitative CEUS parameters were compared with reference standard histopathologic results from biopsy of 131 masses. Results There were 109 benign, 6 high‐risk, and 16 malignant masses, with a median size of 12 mm (range, 4 to 48 mm) on conventional US imaging. Of 131 masses, 93 (71%) enhanced on CEUS imaging, including 73 of 109 (67%) benign, 6 of 6 (100%) high‐risk, and 14 of 16 (87.5%) malignant. Thirty‐eight lesions did not enhance, including 36 of 109 (33%) benign and 2 of 16 (12.5%) malignant. Prediction models using recursive petitioning revealed that CEUS may reduce 31% (95% confidence interval, 23%, 40%) of benign biopsies for masses that are: nonenhancing with circumscribed margins or enhancing with an oval shape and homogeneous enhancement. Quantitative parameters indicated that benign masses had the longest time to peak ( P = .078), highest time‐to‐peak ratio of mass to background ( P = .036), lowest peak intensity ( P = .021), and smallest difference in peak intensity between the mass and background ( P = .079) compared to high‐risk and malignant lesions. Conclusions Contrast‐enhanced US may be a valuable modality that can be used to predict benign pathologic results of breast masses, thereby reducing the number of biopsies.