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How to Explore Fetal Sacral Agenesis Without Open Dysraphism: Key Prenatal Imaging and Clinical Implications
Author(s) -
Mottet Nicolas,
Chaussy Yann,
Auber Frederic,
Guimiot Fabien,
ArbezGindre Francine,
Riethmuller Didier,
Cretolle Célia,
Benachi Alexandra
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of ultrasound in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1550-9613
pISSN - 0278-4297
DOI - 10.1002/jum.14522
Subject(s) - medicine , dysgenesis , agenesis , context (archaeology) , genitourinary system , sacrum , prenatal diagnosis , spina bifida , hydrocephalus , renal agenesis , anatomy , fetus , cloacal exstrophy , surgery , pregnancy , genetics , paleontology , bladder exstrophy , biology , kidney
The estimated prevalence of fetal caudal dysgenesis is 1 per 100,000 births. The functional prognosis of sacral agenesis is dominated by the large spectrum of associated caudal malformations. Except for cases associated with hydrocephalus secondary to open spinal dysraphism or chromosomal anomalies, association with mental deficiency is rare. We propose a systematic prenatal approach to cases of fetal sacral agenesis based on 9 etiologic items: clinical context, type of sacral dysgenesis, associated spinal cord malformations, mobility of lower limbs, investigation of the presacral region, analysis of the gastrointestinal tract, analysis of the genitourinary tract, associated vertebral defects, and cytogenetic analysis.