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Tourism, health and income in Singapore
Author(s) -
Lee Chew Ging,
Hung Woan Ting
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
international journal of tourism research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.155
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1522-1970
pISSN - 1099-2340
DOI - 10.1002/jtr.755
Subject(s) - granger causality , tourism , causality (physics) , economics , health care , short run , test (biology) , development economics , macroeconomics , economic growth , econometrics , political science , paleontology , physics , quantum mechanics , biology , law
This paper employs Granger causality test to investigate the long‐run and the short‐run dynamic interactions among tourism, economic development and health care development in Singapore. The test reveals that there is long‐run unidirectional Granger causality from health care development to economic development and from tourism to economic development. Both health care and tourism have positive effects on economic development in the long run. In the short run, there is a unidirectional Granger causality from economic development to health care development and a bidirectional causality between health care development and tourism. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.