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Identification of volatile markers for the detection of adulterants in red ginseng ( Panax ginseng ) juice using headspace stir‐bar sorptive extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
Author(s) -
Lee Jangho,
Shibamoto Takayuki,
Ha Jaeho,
Jang Hae Won
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201800202
Subject(s) - ginseng , chemistry , chromatography , mass spectrometry , gas chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
Red ginseng ( Panax ginseng ) products are frequently adulterated by manufacturers with cheaper medicinal plant products including deodeok ( Codonopsis lanceolata ) and doraji ( Platycodon grandiflorum ) to increase profits. To identify possible volatile markers for the adulteration of red ginseng juices with deodeok or doraji , a headspace stir‐bar sorptive extraction method was developed. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that 1‐hexanol, cis‐ 3‐hexen‐1‐ol, and trans ‐2‐hexen‐1‐ol are abundantly present in deodeok and doraji but not red ginseng. The peak area ratios in gas chromatograms of these compounds in red ginseng juices mixed with deodeok or doraji indicate that these volatile chemicals can be used as markers to detect the adulteration of red ginseng juice.