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Evaluation of adsorption and desorption steps in the solid‐phase extraction of explosives using carbon/silica gel nanocomposites
Author(s) -
Tomaszewski Waldemar,
Gun'ko Vladimir M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201500171
Subject(s) - adsorption , desorption , nanocomposite , carbon fibers , extraction (chemistry) , solid phase extraction , carbonization , silica gel , aqueous solution , solvation , chemistry , chemical engineering , materials science , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , nanotechnology , composite material , molecule , engineering , composite number
New series of carbon/silica gel nanocomposites, carbosils, prepared by the carbonization of starch bound to silica gel, and carbosils additionally silylated with octadecyldimethylchlorosilane were synthesized. These materials were applied as adsorbents in the solid‐phase extraction of explosive nitrate esters and nitroaromatics from aqueous solutions. The adsorption and desorption steps were evaluated separately. It was found that both the molecular properties of explosives (dipole moments, orbital energies, solvation effects) and textural properties influenced by carbon deposits or octadecyl moieties have a large impact on the recovery rates. It was shown that the composites with moderate content of carbon deposits or with the highest amounts of carbon deposits and additionally silylated can be used as materials tailored for extraction of explosives from the aqueous solutions.