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Improved efficiency of reversed‐phase carbon/nanodiamond/polymer core–shell particles for HPLC using carbonized poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres as the core materials
Author(s) -
Hung ChuanHsi,
Wiest Landon A.,
Singh Bhupinder,
Diwan Anubhav,
Valentim Michael J. C.,
Christensen James M.,
Davis Robert C.,
Miles Andrew J.,
Jensen David S.,
Vail Michael A.,
Dadson Andrew E.,
Linford Matthew R.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201300988
Subject(s) - divinylbenzene , nanodiamond , materials science , carbonization , polymer , particle (ecology) , particle size , chemical engineering , monolith , carbon fibers , chromatography , analytical chemistry (journal) , polymerization , chemistry , composite material , composite number , organic chemistry , copolymer , scanning electron microscope , styrene , oceanography , catalysis , diamond , engineering , geology
Here, we report efficiencies up to 112 000 plates per meter (a reduced plate height, h , of 2.22) for RP, carbon/nanodiamond/aminopolymer particles using conventional injection conditions in HPLC . This efficiency greatly exceeds our best previously reported value of 71 000 N /m ( h = 3.52). The carbon cores used in this study were derived from carbonized poly(divinylbenzene) spheres that were either made in‐house by a two‐step polymerization procedure or obtained commercially. The resulting particles showed good uniformity and were oxidized in nitric acid to increase their dispersability. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms particle oxidation and subsequent aminopolymer deposition. Layer‐by‐layer ( L b L ) growth of poly(allyamine) and nanodiamond was demonstrated to produce core–shell particles. After L b L growth, the particles were functionalized, sieved, and packed into columns. The column functionalization and packing were reproducible. V an D eemter curves indicated that the commercially obtained poly(divinylbenzene) spheres outperformed those synthesized in our laboratory. The columns appear to be stable at 120°C in a pH 11.3 mobile phase. Longer columns (2.1 × 50 mm) than previously reported were packed. Four essential oils were separated by gradient elution.