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Application of solid‐phase microextraction to the determination of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in B ohai S ea crude oils
Author(s) -
Yang Baijuan,
Hou Wei,
Zhang Kuiying,
Wang Xiaoru
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201300184
Subject(s) - benzothiophene , dibenzothiophene , thiophene , chemistry , sulfur , solid phase microextraction , chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , organic chemistry , solid phase extraction , gas chromatography–mass spectrometry , mass spectrometry
A simple and rapid solid‐phase microextraction approach for the isolation of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles from the aromatic fraction of crude oil is described. 8‐Hydroxyquinoline silica gel impregnated with palladium chloride was used as a sorbent material for extraction. Operational parameters of the extraction solvents have been evaluated and optimized. Benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and benzo[ b ]naphtho[1,2‐ d ]thiophene and their C 1 – C 4 alkyl derivatives were identified and quantified by GC – MS . Under optimum conditions, the limits of detection for benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and benzo[ b ]naphtho[1,2‐ d ]thiophene were 0.277, 0.193, and 0.597 μg/g oil, respectively. The recoveries for the polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles ranged from 81.5 to 92.1%, and the linear dynamic range was from 10 to 1000 ng/mL. The developed methodology was tested in the characterization of crude oil samples collected at the DY , SZ , ZH , and HC petroleum oil fields of the B ohai S ea. The results proved that SPE coupled with GC – MS is a promising tool for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in crude oils, especially for oil samples with low concentrations of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles.