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Rapid determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rainwater by liquid–liquid microextraction and LC with core‐shell particles column and fluorescence detection
Author(s) -
Vinci Giuliana,
Antonelli Marta L.,
Preti Raffaella
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201200854
Subject(s) - chromatography , repeatability , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , detection limit , high performance liquid chromatography , solvent , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon , analytical chemistry (journal) , environmental chemistry , organic chemistry
Liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to LC with fluorescence detection for the determination of E nvironmental P rotection A gency's 16 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rainwater has been developed. The optimization of the extraction method has involved several parameters, including the comparison between an ultrasonic bath and a magnetic stirrer as extractant apparatus, the choice of the extractant solvent, and the optimization of the extraction time. Liquid–liquid microextraction gave good results in terms of recoveries (from 73.6 to 102.8% in rainwater) and repeatability, with a very simple procedure and low solvent consumption. The reported chromatographic method uses a C ore‐ S hell technology column, with particle size <3 μm instead of classical 5‐μm particles column. The resulting backpressure was below 300 bar, allowing the use of a conventional HPLC system rather than the more expensive ultrahigh performance LC (UHPLC). An average decrease of 59% in run time and 75% in eluent consumption has been obtained, compared to classical HPLC methods, keeping good separation, sensitivity, and repeatability. The proposed conditions were successfully applied to the determinations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in genuine rainwater samples.