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Simultaneous determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids in rice using solid‐phase extraction and RP‐HPLC with photodiode array detection
Author(s) -
Irakli Maria N.,
Samanidou Victoria F.,
Biliaderis Costas G.,
Papadoyannis Ioannis N.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201200140
Subject(s) - chromatography , chemistry , rutin , myricetin , protocatechuic acid , kaempferol , high performance liquid chromatography , solid phase extraction , quercetin , extraction (chemistry) , isorhamnetin , organic chemistry , antioxidant
An analytical method based on an optimized solid‐phase extraction procedure and followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) separation with diode array detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of phenolic acids (gallic, protocatechuic, 4‐hydroxy‐benzoic, vanillic, caffeic, syringic, p ‐coumaric, ferulic, sinapic, and cinnamic acids), flavanols (catechin and epicatechin), flavonols (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, quercetin‐3‐ O ‐glucoside, hyperoside, and rutin), flavones (luteolin and apigenin) and flavanones (naringenin and hesperidin) in rice flour ( O ryza sativa L .). Chromatographic separation was carried out on a P erfect S il T arget ODS ‐3 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 μm) column at temperature 25° C using a mobile phase, consisting of 0.5% (v/v) acetic acid in water, methanol, and acetonitrile at a flow rate 1 m L min −1 , under gradient elution conditions. Application of optimum extraction conditions, elaborated on both L ichrolut C 18 and O asis HLB cartridges, have led to extraction of phenolic acids and flavonoids from rice flour with mean recoveries 84.3–113.0%. The developed method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, and sensitivity. Repeatability ( n = 5) and inter‐day precision ( n = 4) revealed relative standard deviation ( RSD ) <13%. The optimized method was successfully applied to the analysis of phenolic acids and flavonoids in pigmented (red and black rice) and non‐pigmented rice (brown rice) samples.