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Capillary isotachophoresis for the analysis of ionic liquid entities
Author(s) -
Markowska Aleksandra,
Stepnowski Piotr
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of separation science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.72
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1615-9314
pISSN - 1615-9306
DOI - 10.1002/jssc.201000199
Subject(s) - chemistry , ionic liquid , isotachophoresis , electrolyte , capillary electrophoresis , chromatography , hexafluorophosphate , inorganic chemistry , monobasic acid , organic chemistry , electrode , catalysis
Simple, selective and sensitive isotachophoretic methods for the analysis of ionic liquid (IL) compartments were developed in this study. A leading electrolyte containing 10 mM L ‐histidine + 10 mM histidine hydrochloride and a terminating electrolyte containing 5 mM glutamic acid + 5 mM L ‐histidine were selected to separate nitrate(V), chlorate(V), hexafluorophosphate, dicyanimide, trifluoromethanesulfonate, phosphate(V) and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in anionic mode. In contrast, seven short‐chain alkylimidazolium, alkylpyrrolidinium, alkylpyridinium and non‐chromophoric tetraalkylammonium and tetraalkylphosphonium IL cations were separated with 10 mM potassium hydroxide + 10 mM acetic acid as leading electrolyte, and 10 mM β‐alanine + 10 mM acetate as terminating electrolyte. Both methods were optimized and validated with good analytical performance parameters. LOD was about 3–5 μM, and the repeatability lay in the range of 1.06–5.59%. These methods were evaluated for their applicability to the analysis of soil samples and freshwater contaminated with ILs. In light of hitherto the absence of reports on the determination of non‐chromophoric IL cations, this study delivers for the first time a universal method enabling analysis of these species. Moreover, as there is still significant lack of methodologies of IL anion analysis, the obtained results offer an interesting alternative in that matter.